Rokotteiden koostumus
Rokotteet sisältävät erilaisia apu-, lisä- ja säilöntäaineita. Apuaineella rokotteissa
tarkoitetaan jotain herkistäjää, joka panee vasta-ainetuotannon
käyntiin yhdessä heikennetyn tai kuolleen mikrobin/mikrobinosan kanssa.
Kukaan ei tunnu tietävän syytä miksi pelkkä mikrobi ilman apuainetta
ei riitä. Elohopeayhdisteet ja antibiootit ovat rokotteissa mukana
säilöntäaineina eli estämässä ei-toivottujen mikrobien kasvua.
Apuaineiden todellinen myrkyllisyys on sitten oma asiansa, jonka jokaisen
vanhemman on punnittava. Stakesin "Meille tulee vauva"
-oppaassa (2001) todetaan, että "Rokotteet sisältävät häviävän
pieniä määriä ns. apuaineita (esim. elohopea, alumiini) esimerkiksi
ruokaan verrattuna." Mutta voidaanko asioita verrata näin? Ruokaa
syödään ja kaikki ruuan mukana tulevat ainesosat eivät imeydy
suolistosta, vaan tulevat aikanaan pois elimistöstä. Rokote sen sijaan
pistetään lihakseen, josta myrkyt eivät pääse samalla lailla poistumaan.
Rokotteissa käytettäviä apu-, lisä- ja säilöntäaineita ovat:
Linkit
Kirjallisuutta
- Aukrust L, et al. Severe hypersensitivity or intolerance reactions
to measles vaccine in six children. Clinical and immunological
studies. Allergy. 1980 Oct;35(7):581-7. PMID: 7468944; UI: 81131462.
- Beck SA, et al. Egg hypersensitivity and measles-mumps-rubella
vaccine administration. Pediatrics. 1991 Nov;88(5):913-7. PMID:
1945631; UI: 92051058.
- Kelso JM, et al. Anaphylaxis from yellow fever vaccine. J Allergy
Clin Immunol. 1999 Apr;103(4):698-701. PMID: 10200022; UI: 99216472.
- Kelso JM, et al (1993) Anaphylaxis to measles, mumps, and rubella
vaccine mediated by IgE to gelatin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1993
Apr;91(4):867-72 Allergic reactions to measles, mumps, and bnrubella
(MMR) vaccine are rare; some have been attributed to allergy to trace
quantities of egg proteins. We report a 17-year-old female who had an
anaphylactic reaction to MMR vaccine. A primary vaccination with MMR
at age 15 months had been uneventful. She is not allergic to eggs;
however, ear and throat pruritus and tongue swelling develop after she
eats gelatin. MMR vaccine contains gelatin as a stabilizer. METHODS
AND RESULTS: Prick skin tests were positive to 1:10 wt/vol dilutions
of MMR vaccine and gelatin but negative to egg. By immunoassay, her
serum IgE antibodies were elevated to both MMR vaccine and gelatin,
but not to isolated MMR antigens. IgE binding to the gelatin carrier
could be inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion by addition of not only
MMR vaccine but also gelatin from a variety of animal sources.
Immunoblotting confirmed the presence of IgE antibodies to multiple
gelatin components as well as to MMR vaccine components. CONCLUSIONS:
We conclude that the patient has an anaphylactic sensitivity to
gelatin, and that her anaphylaxis to MMR vaccine was caused by the
gelatin component. This sensitivity may explain other cases of MMR
anaphylaxis.
- Businco L. Measles, mumps, rubella immunization in egg-allergic
children: a long-lasting debate. Ann Allergy. 1994 Jan;72(1):1-3. No
abstract available.PMID: 8291742; UI: 94121309.
- Christensen M, et al. [MMR-vaccination of children allergic to
eggs]. Ugeskr Laeger. 1999 Mar 1;161(9):1270-2. Danish. PMID:
10083824; UI: 99183393. Fasano MB, et al. Egg hypersensitivity and
adverse reactions to measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. J Pediatr.
1992 Jun;120(6):878-81. PMID: 1593346; UI: 92277197. Greenberg MA, et
al. Safe administration of mumps-measles-rubella vaccine in
egg-allergic children. J Pediatr. 1988 Sep;113(3):504-6. No abstract
available.PMID: 3411397; UI: 88316533. Kelso JM. The gelatin story. J
Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Feb;103(2 Pt 1):200-2. No abstract
available.PMID: 9949308; UI: 99135984. Nakayama T, et al. A clinical
analysis of gelatin allergy and determination of its causal
relationship to the previous administration of gelatin-containing
acellular pertussis vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus
toxoids. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Feb;103(2 Pt 1):321-5. PMID:
9949325; UI: 99136001. Rietschel RL, et al. Neomycin sensitivity and
the MMR vaccine. JAMA. 1981 Feb 13;245(6):571. No abstract
available.PMID: 7452881; UI: 81096863. Sakaguchi M, et al. Food
allergy to gelatin in children with systemic immediate-type reactions,
including anaphylaxis, to vaccines. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996
Dec;98(6 Pt 1):1058-61. PMID: 8977505; UI: 97132048.
- Sakaguchi M, et al. IgE-mediated systemic reactions to gelatin
included in the varicella vaccine. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1997
Feb;99(2):263-4. No abstract available.PMID: 9042057; UI: 97194619
Sakaguchi M, et al. Systemic immediate-type reactions to gelatin
included in Japanese encephalitis vaccines. Vaccine. 1997
Feb;15(2):121-2. PMID: 9066026; UI: 97218589 Takuji Kumagai Vaccine.
Volume 18, Issue 15, 14-February-2000 pp. 1555-1561 Copyright (c) 2000
Elsevier Science Ltd All rights reserved. Gelatin-containing
diphtheria--tetanus--pertussis (DTP) vaccine causes sensitization to
gelatin in the recipients a b Takao Ozaki a Makoto Kamada a Chiharu
Igarashi a Kenji Yuri a Hidetsugu Furukawa a Koji Wagatuma c Shunzo
Chiba d Masato Sato e Hiroyuki Kojima e Akiko Saito e Toyo Okui e
Shoki Yano Abstract Gelatin-specific T cell response was performed to
determine whether a series of vaccinations with gelatin-containing DTP
is a primary sensitization process in gelatin allergy. Thirty-seven
recipients with gelatin-containing DTP who developed adverse reactions
after vaccination and eight recipients of DTP without gelatin who also
developed adverse reactions were studied. In addition, 10 subjects
receiving gelatin-containing vaccine and 10 subjects inoculated with
non-gelatin vaccine who did not show any adverse reactions were also
investigated. All subjects inoculated with gelatin-containing DTP
vaccine showed positive T cell responses against gelatin, however,
occurrence of adverse reactions did not correlate with T cell
responses. We conclude that DTP vaccine containing gelatin induces
sensitization to gelatin in the recipients, but the mechanism of local
reactions remains unknown. Taniguchi K, et al. Gelatin-induced T-cell
activation in children with nonanaphylactic-type reactions to vaccines
containing gelatin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998 Dec;102(6 Pt
1):1028-32. PMID: 9847445; UI: 99094941.
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